I’ve always been interested in technology – its use, advantages, and disadvantages. Regular readers know that I often advocate for manual solutions first, such as whiteboards to run factories and a handwritten notebook for notes.
Some believe that I’m against technology, but nothing could be further from the truth. I’m more like the guy that stands in line at the Apple Store to spend money on the latest iPhone that is supposedly but in reality indistinguishably better than the previous version. A few weeks ago there was a long discussion on this topic in the Lean CEO LinkedIn group, and after over 100 comments we all had to basically agree to disagree.
My belief is that you need to first understand and improve the underlying process, and only then apply technology to further refine and automate it. Otherwise you may simply automate waste, which is not true improvement. Manual methods also create more learning and understanding, which creates the foundation for improvement.
Holman Jenkins penned an opinion piece for The Wall Street Journal last week that brings up another downside of technology: losing the understanding of the underlying process, and how to control it, in the first place.
As nobody disagrees, Asiana Flight 214’s crew failed in a basic task, keeping track of the plane’s airspeed on final approach. Before they could correct their error, the plane’s tail smacked a sea wall, breaking off.
The chief pilot later claimed “it was very difficult to perform a visual approach with a heavy airplane,” according to the NTSB, which would seem to indicate the real problem: The crew was nonplused, perhaps nearly panicked, at the prospect of having to maintain a proper glidepath without help from the airport’s sophisticated landing aid.
That’s basic flying. Yes, there were also cultural issues involved. The downside of a culture deeply respectful of elders and superiors was in play when communication between pilot and copilot was delayed.
We were warned.
Diligent annotators of this column will recall Captain Malcolm Scott from nearly a decade ago, who criticized a British Airways decision to ban manual thrust control (which Asiana’s pilots should have employed to maintain the plane’s airspeed) by its Airbus pilots. Flying skills would atrophy, he warned, suggesting that the industry’s implicit goal was to remove the human factor from the cockpit altogether.
Mr. Jenkins goes on to draw a link to the current fascination with Google’s driverless cars. The nascent technology is working surprisingly well, even at this early stage, and many are predicting full adoption by 2020.
But what will happen to our skills to actually… drive?
Even Porsche, builder of driving machines for purists, has their PDK doppelkupplung automatic transmission that is so refined that 0-60 times are faster in an automatic than with a stick. They are even considering eliminating manual transmissions as an option. But is the purpose of driving a Porsche to go faster off the line, or to experience driving? An automatic does make it easier to hold your latte, which I guess is why cup holders also had to be installed. Is that what driving a Porsche has devolved into? Unfortunately, for many, yes.
What will happen if the software or system fails? Will we just sit there staring at each other hoping we don’t go into a wall, or worse?
An analogous situation exists with many forms of technology in factories and organizations. We feed data into the machine and trust that the supposed best practice algorithms created thousands of miles from the gemba will optimize operational performance. We’re confident that the software geeks at SAP, Microsoft, and Oracle must know best how to deal with the nuance of our situations, even to the point of limiting the ability to modify and improve. Ya…
In practice, though, all cars would likely have to be driverless—or at least capable of taking control away from a driver in heavy traffic situations—for any cars to be driverless. Otherwise, effectively one jerk in a ’74 Buick would own the only right of way.
Maybe that’s actually the opportunity. An organization that has a team of folks that actually know how and why the operation works, instead of relying on pre-programmed algorithms, can take the right of way. They can find the weaknesses in the algorithms used by others, improve, and exploit them as a competitive advantage.
Systems are great, but so is the joy of actually driving a car, the safety of understanding how to fly, and the opportunity of truly understanding and running an organization. Not just letting technology do it.
Fred Stahl says
Kevin, you will love the messages in the book “Worker Leadership” published late last year by MIT Press.
Fred
Allen Roberts says
An insightful post Kevin.
My 26 year old daughter, is an intelligent, educated, highly successful young woman, but has never learnt to drive a manual car. When her car recently broke down, (that in itself led to some interesting language, apparently modern cars are not allowed to brake down) and she was offered a loan car by the mechanic service she uses, but was unable to take it as all they had were manual cars as “loaners”
Unable to help myself I suggested that she could not really drive, Bad move.
Robert Drescher says
Hi Kevin
Like you I love technology, but I also realize one very important factor. “All technology is designed by human beings, and despite what some of them may think no one is perfect, so how will what they create be perfect.” I have seen business use technology to prevent human errors, and they end up with a system that causes more problems than the human errors did in the first place. The real solution is developing people and empowering them to make and take action quickly. Good pilots know when and how to take over from their automated aircraft, and have on countless occasions avoided similar accidents to that of the Asiana Flight 214,for every plane that has crashed due to pilots error, I would easily bet there are hundreds if not thousands more that didn’t due to pilot skill. I have seen it in factories were automated lines created huge problems (damaged product and equipment), simply because the programs logic had a flaw, it never happens to the same extent in manual operations.
David Foster says
Kevin, I just posted something relevant to this topic:
http://chicagoboyz.net/archives/43911.html
Dale Savage says
Good points, Kevin.
This is one reason that I have always required my children to do their math lessons manually instead of using calculators, even when their teachers have told them they can. Too many people would not be able to do even simple mathmatics without a calculator. Today they are more concerned about getting the right answer than understanding how to get to that answer. Not only do they lose the ability to do math but they also lose some problem solving skills in general.
Technology is great, but we too often become slaves to it rather than its master. Eventually those who have the knowledge behind the technoogy will not only have the “competative advantage” but will ultimately have control because the average person will not be able to do anything for themselves.